Scientific Terms F

Fabrication of metallic glasses: The process of creating metallic glasses, which are amorphous alloys that exhibit unique mechanical properties such as high strength and toughness.

Fabrication of nanostructures: The process of creating structures with dimensions on the nanoscale, which can include methods such as lithography, self-assembly, and template-directed synthesis.

Fabrication process: The series of steps used to create a material or device, which can include methods such as casting, molding, welding, or machining.

Fatigue: The gradual weakening of a material caused by repeated loading and unloading, which can lead to eventual failure.

Fatigue limit: The maximum stress or strain that a material can sustain without failure under cyclic loading conditions.

Femtosecond laser: A type of laser that produces pulses of light with durations on the order of femtoseconds, often used for precise manipulation of materials at the nanoscale.

Fermi energy: The energy level at which the probability of finding an electron in a solid is exactly 1/2. It separates the filled electronic states from the empty electronic states in a material.

Fermi level: The energy level at which the probability of finding an electron in a solid is exactly 1/2. It separates the filled electronic states from the empty electronic states in a material.

Fermi level pinning: The phenomenon in which the Fermi level of a material is pinned at a specific energy level due to the presence of impurities or defects.

Fermionic condensates: A type of quantum condensate that is made up of fermions, which are particles that obey Fermi-Dirac statistics.

Fermi surface: The surface in k-space (momentum space) that separates the occupied electronic states from the unoccupied electronic states in a material.

Fermi-surface engineering: The manipulation of the electronic properties of a material by altering its Fermi surface.

Ferrimagnetic ordering: The alignment of atomic magnetic moments in opposite directions in a ferrimagnetic material, resulting in a net magnetic moment.

Ferrimagnetism: A type of magnetism that occurs in certain materials, characterized by the alignment of atomic magnetic moments in opposite directions, resulting in a net magnetic moment.

Ferrite: A type of solid solution that forms in iron-based alloys, characterized by a body-centered cubic crystal structure.

Ferritic nitrocarburizing: A surface hardening process that involves the diffusion of nitrogen and carbon into the surface of a ferritic steel, resulting in improved wear resistance and fatigue properties.

Ferritic stainless steel: A type of stainless steel that contains a high proportion of ferrite in its microstructure, making it magnetic and less resistant to corrosion than austenitic stainless steel.

Ferroalloy: An alloy that is rich in iron and is used as a source of one or more alloying elements, such as chromium, manganese, or silicon.

Ferroelastic domains: The regions in a ferroelastic material where the crystal structure is uniform and distinct from the surrounding regions.

Ferroelasticity: The phenomenon of a solid undergoing a phase transition between two or more distinct crystal structures, induced by an applied stress or electric field.

Ferroelectric domain: The regions in a ferroelectric material where the electric polarization is uniform and distinct from the surrounding regions.

Ferroelectric-ferroelastic multiferroic nanostructures: A class of nanostructures that exhibit both ferroelectric and ferroelastic properties simultaneously.

Ferroelectric-ferromagnetic multiferroic: A class of materials that exhibit both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties simultaneously.

Ferroelectricity: The ability of certain materials to exhibit a spontaneous electric polarization that can be reversed by the application of an external electric field.

Ferroelectric thin film: A thin layer of ferroelectric material deposited on a substrate, used in applications such as non-volatile memory and energy harvesting.

Ferrofluid: A type of fluid that contains magnetic nanoparticles and exhibits a magnetic response when exposed to an external magnetic field.

Ferrofluidic systems: A type of nanofluidic systems that contain ferrofluid and exhibit a magnetic response when exposed to an external magnetic field.

Ferromagnetic-ferroelastic multiferroic: A class of materials that exhibit both ferromagnetism and ferroelasticity simultaneously.

Ferromagnetic resonance: The phenomenon where a ferromagnetic material absorbs energy from an external oscillating magnetic field at a specific frequency, called the resonance frequency.

Ferromagnetic shape memory alloy: A type of alloy that can change its shape in response to an applied magnetic field due to a change in crystal structure.

Ferromagnetism: The property of certain materials to exhibit a strong permanent magnetic moment, even in the absence of an external magnetic field.

Fiber Bragg grating: A type of optical filter that reflects a specific wavelength of light while transmitting others, often used in sensing applications such as temperature and strain sensing.

Fick's laws of diffusion: A set of equations that describe the diffusion of particles in a material, where the diffusion coefficient is related to the concentration gradient and the time.

Fickian diffusion: The process of diffusion that follows Fick's laws of diffusion, characterized by a linear relationship between the diffusion coefficient and the concentration gradient.

Field-effect transistor (FET): A type of electronic device that uses a gate voltage to control the flow of electrons through a channel, often used in electronic devices such as transistors and memory devices.

Finishing heat treatment: A type of heat treatment that is applied to a metal after it has been machined or formed, often used to improve the surface finish or to relieve residual stresses.

Finite element analysis: A numerical method for solving differential equations that describes the behavior of a material or structure, often used to predict the response of a material or structure to loads or other environmental conditions.

Finite-size scaling: A method used to analyze the behavior of systems with finite size, often used to study the properties of nanostructures and low-dimensional systems.

Fire assay: A method used to determine the concentration of precious metals in an ore or alloy, in which a sample is heated in a crucible and the resulting metal is collected and weighed.

Flame hardening: A surface hardening process that uses a flame to heat the surface of a metal and then quenches it, resulting in a hardened surface and a softer core.

Flammability: The ability of a material to catch fire and burn, often measured by its ignition temperature, flash point, and burning rate.

Flash smelting: A process that uses a high-temperature, oxygen-enriched furnace to smelt sulfide ores, producing a matte and slag that are then further processed to extract the metal.

Flexoelectricity: The ability of certain materials to generate an electric polarization in response to a mechanical deformation.

Flexure: The bending or deformation of a material under load, often used to measure the stiffness or strength of a material.

Fluidic nanochannels: A type of nanochannels that are made up of fluid, often used in applications such as lab-on-a-chip, microfluidics and sensing.

Fluidic self-assembly: The self-assembly of nanoparticles in a fluidic medium, often used to form complex structures such as superlattices or patchy particles.

Fluidization: The process of transforming a solid into a fluid-like state by blowing a gas through it, often used in industrial processes such as powder handling and catalytic cracking.

Fluidized bed reactor: A type of reactor in which a solid material is suspended in a fluid, often used in industrial processes such as catalytic cracking and gasification.

Fluid-structure interaction: A phenomenon in which the motion of a fluid affects the behavior of a structure and vice versa, often studied in areas such as aerodynamics and hydrodynamics.

Fluorescence imaging: A technique that uses the fluorescence of a material to image it, often used in biology and medicine for labeling and imaging cells and biomolecules.

Flux: A material that is added to a metal to promote the removal of impurities or to facilitate a metallurgical reaction, such as during welding or soldering.

Focused ion beam: A type of microscopy that uses a beam of ions to image and manipulate materials at the nanoscale, often used in materials science and semiconductor research.

Force spectroscopy: A technique used to measure the forces between individual atoms or molecules, often using an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) or a Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM).

Forge welding: A type of welding that involves heating and hammering two pieces of metal together until they fuse, often used in blacksmithing and metalworking.

Forging: A metalworking process in which a metal is shaped by hammering, pressing or rolling, often used to create complex or high-strength parts.

Forging press: A machine used to shape metal by applying pressure and force, often used in the forging industry to produce complex and high-strength parts.

Fractal antenna: A type of antenna that has a fractal geometry, often used in applications such as wireless communication and sensing.

Fractography: The study of the surface features of a material that have formed as a result of fracture, often used to understand the failure mechanisms of a material.

Fracture toughness: A measure of a material's ability to resist crack propagation, often determined by the critical stress intensity factor.

Fracture toughness: A measure of a material's ability to resist crack propagation, often determined by the critical stress intensity factor.

Free-cutting steel: A type of steel that contains a high proportion of sulfur and lead, making it easy to machine and suitable for high-speed turning and drilling operations.

Free-electron laser (FEL): A type of laser that uses a beam of free electrons as the lasing medium, often used for high-precision spectroscopy and imaging at the nanoscale.

Free energy: A thermodynamic quantity that describes the energy available to do work in a system, often used to determine the stability and equilibrium of a material or system.

Frequency mixing: A process in which two or more electromagnetic waves of different frequencies are combined to produce a new wave with a frequency equal to the sum or difference of the original frequencies.

Fretting: The wear and damage that occurs at the interface between two surfaces in contact when they are subject to small amplitude oscillations.

Fretting corrosion: The wear and corrosion that occurs at the interface between two surfaces in contact when they are subject to small amplitude oscillations, often caused by the formation of a corrosion product at the interface.

Friction: The force that opposes the motion of two surfaces in contact.

Friction coefficient: A dimensionless number that describes the ratio of the friction force to the normal force between two surfaces in contact.

Friction stir processing: A type of solid-state processing that uses a rotating tool to locally modify the microstructure of a material, improving its mechanical properties.

Friction Stir Welding: A solid state joining process in which a rotating tool is inserted into the interface between two pieces of metal and moved through the interface, creating a welded joint.

Friction welding: A solid state joining process in which two pieces of metal are brought into contact and then rotated relative to each other, causing friction and heat which lead to the formation of a welded joint.

Frustrated magnetic systems: A type of magnetic systems that exhibit unusual behavior due to the presence of competing interactions, often studied in the context of nano-scale magnets.

Fullerene: A molecule made up of carbon atoms arranged in a spherical or cylindrical shape, also known as "buckyballs".

Functionalized nanoparticles: A type of nanoparticles that have been modified with a chemical or biological functionality, often used in applications such as drug delivery, imaging, and sensing.

Furnace brazing: A type of brazing process that uses a furnace to heat the components and a filler metal to join them together, often used for large or complex assemblies.

Fused casting: A type of casting process in which a material is melted and poured into a mold, also known as fusion casting.

Fused deposition modeling: A type of 3D printing that uses a filament of material that is heated and extruded to create an object, also known as FDM.

Fused salt electrolysis: A process that uses a fused salt electrolyte to extract metal from an ore or alloy, often used for the production of aluminum and magnesium.

Fused salt electrorefining: A process that uses a molten salt electrolyte to refine metal, often used for the recovery of high-value metals such as gold and silver.

Fused silica: A type of glass that is made from silicon dioxide and is highly resistant to thermal and chemical attack.

Note: 

If your desired word is not here please mention in this google form. Our team will update in our system.

Google Form Link: Click Here